Fault Attacks Resistant Architecture for KECCAK Hash Function

The KECCAK cryptographic algorithms widely used in embedded circuits to ensure a high level of security to any systems which require hashing as the integrity checking and random number generation. One of the most efficient cryptanalysis techniques against KECCAK implementation is the fault injection attacks. Until now, only a few fault detection schemes for KECCAK have been presented. In this paper, in order to provide a high level of security against fault attacks, an efficient error detection scheme based on scrambling technique has been proposed. To evaluate the robust of the proposed detection scheme against faults attacks, we perform fault injection simulations and we show that the fault coverage is about 99,996%. We have described the proposed detection scheme and through the Field-Programmable Gate Array analysis, results show that the proposed scheme can be easily implemented with low complexity and can efficiently protect KECCAK against fault attacks. Moreover, the FieldProgrammable Gate Array implementation results show that the proposed KECCAK fault detection scheme realises a compromise between implementation cost and KECCAK robustness against fault attacks. Keywords—Cryptographic; KECCAK SHA-3; Fault detection; Embedded systems; FPGA implementation